Questions 1 through 4 refer to the following. "It is no longer to people that I speak. It is to you, God of all beings, of all worlds, and of all times: if we feeble creatures are allowed to ask anything of you, then may you deign to have pity on the errors inherent in our nature; may these errors not be our undoing You did not give us a heart so that we could hate each other, nor hands so we could slit each other's throats. May those who light candles at midday in adoration of you learn to tolerate those who simply bask in the light of your sun. May those who wrap a white cloth round their robes to express the command to love you not hate those who say the same thing under a coat of black wool. May those whose clothes are dyed red or violet and who rule over a small plot on a little heap of the mud of this world and who happen to possess some rounded pieces of a certain metal,enjoy what they call greatness and riches without pride,and may others view them without envy: for you know that there is nothing to envy or boast about in these vanities. May all men remember that they are brothers'May they abhor the tyranny wielded over souls as they ever execrate (condemn)the violent theft of the fruits of hard work and peaceful industry! Let us spend the brief moment of our existence blessing, together and in a thousand different languages, from Siam to California, your goodness in bestowing on us this moment." Voltaire, French philosophe, Treatise on Tolerance," 1763 Voltaire's description of different societies in the second paragraph best reflects which of the following Enlightenment concepts? A The value of classical sources of knowledge in guiding political action B The use of skepticism to challenge existing institutions of government and faith C The use of new political theories to challenge royal absolutism D The belief in popular sovereignty as the legitimate source of political authority

Question

Questions 1 through 4 refer to the following. "It is no longer to people that I speak. It is to you, God of all beings, of all worlds, and of all times: if we feeble creatures are allowed to ask anything of you, then may you deign to have pity on the errors inherent in our nature; may these errors not be our undoing You did not give us a heart so that we could hate each other, nor hands so we could slit each other's throats. May those who light candles at midday in adoration of you learn to tolerate those who simply bask in the light of your sun. May those who wrap a white cloth round their robes to express the command to love you not hate those who say the same thing under a coat of black wool. May those whose clothes are dyed red or violet and who rule over a small plot on a little heap of the mud of this world and who happen to possess some rounded pieces of a certain metal,enjoy what they call greatness and riches without pride,and may others view them without envy: for you know that there is nothing to envy or boast about in these vanities. May all men remember that they are brothers'May they abhor the tyranny wielded over souls as they ever execrate (condemn)the violent theft of the fruits of hard work and peaceful industry! Let us spend the brief moment of our existence blessing, together and in a thousand different languages, from Siam to California, your goodness in bestowing on us this moment." Voltaire, French philosophe, Treatise on Tolerance," 1763 Voltaire's description of different societies in the second paragraph best reflects which of the following Enlightenment concepts? A The value of classical sources of knowledge in guiding political action B The use of skepticism to challenge existing institutions of government and faith C The use of new political theories to challenge royal absolutism D The belief in popular sovereignty as the legitimate source of political authority

Answer 1

## Step 1The problem is asking us to identify which Enlightenment concept is best reflected in Voltaire's description of different societies in the second paragraph of the given text. The Enlightenment was a period in the 17th and 18th centuries characterized by a shift towards reason, science, and individualism, and a challenge to traditional authority and established institutions.## Step 2Let's analyze each option:### A. The value of classical sources of knowledge in guiding political actionThis option doesn't seem to align with the text. Voltaire's description doesn't focus on the value of classical sources of knowledge in guiding political action.### B. The use of skepticism to challenge existing institutions of government and faithThis option seems to align well with the text. Voltaire's description is skeptical of established institutions, including those of government and faith, and challenges their authority.### C. The use of new political theories to challenge royal absolutismThis option doesn't seem to align with the text. Voltaire's description doesn't focus on the use of new political theories to challenge royal absolutism.### D. The belief in popular sovereignty as the legitimate source of political authorityThis option doesn't seem to align with the text. Voltaire's description doesn't focus on the belief in popular sovereignty as the legitimate source of political authority.## Step 3Based on the analysis, option B is the most accurate. Voltaire's description reflects the Enlightenment concept of skepticism towards existing institutions of government and faith.

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