(b) List six materials used on a masonry wall. (3 marks) (c) Sketch and label two alternate courses of a flemish bond. (6 marks) (d) Explain three functional requirements of a foundation wall. (6 marks) 3. (a) Outline four differences between concrete floor and raised timber floor. (6 marks)

(b) Six materials used on a masonry wall:<br />1. **Bricks**: Commonly used for their durability and ease of laying.<br />2. **Concrete Blocks (Cinder Blocks)**: Used for structural strength and fire resistance.<br />3. **Stone**: Natural stone like limestone, sandstone, or granite for aesthetic and durability.<br />4. **Concrete Masonry Units (CMUs)**: Engineered blocks made of concrete for various applications.<br />5. **Glass Blocks**: Used for natural light and thermal insulation.<br />6. **Engineered Wood Fiber (EWF)**: Used for lightweight and flexible masonry applications.<br /><br />(c) Sketch and label two alternate courses of a Flemish bond:<br />```<br />Course 1:<br /> __ __ __ __ __<br /> / / / / / \<br /> / / / / / \<br /> __ __ __ __ __<br /><br />Course 2:<br /> __ __ __ __ __<br /> / / / / / \<br /> / / / / / \<br /> __ __ __ __ __<br />```<br />- **Header**: The brick in the top row of each course.<br />- **Header**: The brick in the bottom row of each course.<br />- **Stretcher**: The brick laid flat with its short ends exposed.<br /><br />(d) Three functional requirements of a foundation wall:<br />1. **Structural Stability**: The wall must be able to withstand the loads placed on it, including the weight of the building and any external forces such as wind or water pressure.<br />2. **Waterproofing**: The wall must be designed to prevent water from entering the building, which is crucial for protecting the foundation and preventing structural damage.<br />3. **Thermal Insulation**: The wall should have adequate insulation to help regulate the building's temperature and reduce energy costs for heating and cooling.<br /><br />3. (a) Four differences between concrete floor and raised timber floor:<br />1. **Material Composition**:<br /> - **Concrete Floor**: Made of concrete, which is a mixture of cement, aggregates, and water.<br /> - **Raised Timber Floor**: Consists of wooden planks or boards, often supported by a joist system.<br /><br />2. **Durability**:<br /> - **Concrete Floor**: Extremely durable and long-lasting, resistant to wear and tear.<br /> - **Raised Timber Floor**: Less durable compared to concrete; susceptible to damage from moisture and pests.<br /><br />3. **Insulation**:<br /> - **Concrete Floor**: Generally poor insulator, requiring additional insulation if used in cold climates.<br /> - **Raised Timber Floor**: Better insulator due to the natural thermal properties of wood, providing better thermal comfort.<br /><br />4. **Maintenance**:<br /> - **Concrete Floor**: Requires less maintenance but can be prone to cracking and needs periodic sealing.<br /> - **Raised Timber Floor**: Requires regular maintenance, including cleaning, sealing, and sometimes replacing wooden planks to prevent rot and warping.