93. A 32 years old female client complained painful urination, flank pain, low back pain, nausea and vomiting. The nurse is aware that the following laboratory values supports a diagnosis of pyelonephritis? A. Low WBC count C. Ketonuria B. Myoglobinuria D. Pyuria

The correct answer is D. Pyuria.<br /><br />Pyelonephritis is a type of kidney infection that can cause symptoms such as painful urination, flank pain, low back pain, nausea, and vomiting. Laboratory values that support a diagnosis of pyelonephritis include:<br /><br />D. Pyuria - This refers to the presence of pus in the urine, which is a common sign of a urinary tract infection (UTI) and can indicate pyelonephritis.<br /><br />Other laboratory findings that may support the diagnosis of pyelonephritis include:<br /><br />- Elevated white blood cell (WBC) count<br />- Presence of bacteria or white blood cells in the urine<br />- Increased levels of creatinine and blood urea nitrogen (BUN)<br />- Possible presence of hematuria (blood in the urine)<br /><br />The other options provided are not directly related to the diagnosis of pyelonephritis:<br /><br />A. Low WBC count - This is not consistent with an infection, as an infection typically causes an increase in WBC count.<br />B. Myoglobinuria - This refers to the presence of myoglobin in the urine, which can indicate muscle damage but is not a specific indicator of pyelonephritis.<br />C. Ketonuria - This refers to the presence of ketones in the urine, which is more commonly associated with conditions like diabetes or starvation, rather than pyelonephritis.<br /><br />Therefore, the laboratory value that best supports the diagnosis of pyelonephritis in this case is pyuria (option D).