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16. A 20 year-old male patient presents with abdominal swelling of three weeks duration She lives in a rural village where the water source used is river water . Ultrasound examinatior reveals peri-porta fibrosis .Which one of the following is most likely cause for the patient's condition? A. River blindness c . Leishmaniasis B . Ascariasis Dr.Schistosomiasis 7. A 22 year-old HIV positive patient who presented with shortness of breath was suspected to have Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia but he has no signs of respiratory distress and his CD4 count is 150/mu L .Which of th e following drugs is recommended for this patient? x Co-trimoxazole C . Prednisolone B . Fluconazole D . Pyrimethamine National Licensing Examination ion for Health Professionals by NBE July 2015 18. A60 year-old male had cough for five years with clear sputum production and shortness of breath.He has smoked a pack of cigarettes per day for 20 years Laboratory examination reveals haemoglobin of 19g/dl. X-ray of the chest shows hyperinflation without infiltrates. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis? A. Bronchial asthma J. Chronic obstructiv e pulmonary disease C. Interstitia l lung disease D . Pulmonary Tuberculosis 19. A 40 year-old alcoholic develops productive cough and fever.Chest x-ray shows an air-fluid level in the superior segment of the right lower lobe Which of the following is the most appropriate pharmacotherapy? A . Ceftazidime and ciprofloxacillin B . Ceftriaxone and gentamycin Metronidazole and crystalline penicillin D . Vancomycin and chloramphenicol 20. A 25 year-old man presents with abdominal pain headache and fever of five days duration. The Health officer suspected the diagnosis of typhoid fever.Which of the following investigations confirms the diagnosis? A. Stool examination B. Blood culture C . Weil-Felix titer D. Widal test 21. A 27 year-old man complains of fever, rigors productive cough with rusty-colou red sputum and pleuritic chest pain .Chest examination reveale d increased tactile fremitus and dullness to percussion in the right lower lung field. What is the most likely diagnosis Lobar pneumonia B Bronchopneumonia s.no C. Lung abscess D. Pleural effusion 22. A. 35 year-old woman presented with trismus for a day She also has shoulder and back pain. She reported that she sustained a puncture over the left foot a week ago She is fully conscious. Which of the following is the most appropriate pharmacotherapy? A . Carbamazepine B.Diazepam c . Phenobarbital D . Phenytoin

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16. A 20 year-old male patient presents with abdominal swelling of three weeks duration She lives in a rural village where the water source used is river water . Ultrasound examinatior reveals peri-porta fibrosis .Which one of the following is most likely cause for the patient's condition? A. River blindness c . Leishmaniasis B . Ascariasis Dr.Schistosomiasis 7. A 22 year-old HIV positive patient who presented with shortness of breath was suspected to have Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia but he has no signs of respiratory distress and his CD4 count is 150/mu L .Which of th e following drugs is recommended for this patient? x Co-trimoxazole C . Prednisolone B . Fluconazole D . Pyrimethamine National Licensing Examination ion for Health Professionals by NBE July 2015 18. A60 year-old male had cough for five years with clear sputum production and shortness of breath.He has smoked a pack of cigarettes per day for 20 years Laboratory examination reveals haemoglobin of 19g/dl. X-ray of the chest shows hyperinflation without infiltrates. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis? A. Bronchial asthma J. Chronic obstructiv e pulmonary disease C. Interstitia l lung disease D . Pulmonary Tuberculosis 19. A 40 year-old alcoholic develops productive cough and fever.Chest x-ray shows an air-fluid level in the superior segment of the right lower lobe Which of the following is the most appropriate pharmacotherapy? A . Ceftazidime and ciprofloxacillin B . Ceftriaxone and gentamycin Metronidazole and crystalline penicillin D . Vancomycin and chloramphenicol 20. A 25 year-old man presents with abdominal pain headache and fever of five days duration. The Health officer suspected the diagnosis of typhoid fever.Which of the following investigations confirms the diagnosis? A. Stool examination B. Blood culture C . Weil-Felix titer D. Widal test 21. A 27 year-old man complains of fever, rigors productive cough with rusty-colou red sputum and pleuritic chest pain .Chest examination reveale d increased tactile fremitus and dullness to percussion in the right lower lung field. What is the most likely diagnosis Lobar pneumonia B Bronchopneumonia s.no C. Lung abscess D. Pleural effusion 22. A. 35 year-old woman presented with trismus for a day She also has shoulder and back pain. She reported that she sustained a puncture over the left foot a week ago She is fully conscious. Which of the following is the most appropriate pharmacotherapy? A . Carbamazepine B.Diazepam c . Phenobarbital D . Phenytoin

16. A 20 year-old male patient presents with abdominal swelling of three weeks duration She lives in a rural village where the water source used is river water . Ultrasound examinatior reveals peri-porta fibrosis .Which one of the following is most likely cause for the patient's condition? A. River blindness c . Leishmaniasis B . Ascariasis Dr.Schistosomiasis 7. A 22 year-old HIV positive patient who presented with shortness of breath was suspected to have Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia but he has no signs of respiratory distress and his CD4 count is 150/mu L .Which of th e following drugs is recommended for this patient? x Co-trimoxazole C . Prednisolone B . Fluconazole D . Pyrimethamine National Licensing Examination ion for Health Professionals by NBE July 2015 18. A60 year-old male had cough for five years with clear sputum production and shortness of breath.He has smoked a pack of cigarettes per day for 20 years Laboratory examination reveals haemoglobin of 19g/dl. X-ray of the chest shows hyperinflation without infiltrates. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis? A. Bronchial asthma J. Chronic obstructiv e pulmonary disease C. Interstitia l lung disease D . Pulmonary Tuberculosis 19. A 40 year-old alcoholic develops productive cough and fever.Chest x-ray shows an air-fluid level in the superior segment of the right lower lobe Which of the following is the most appropriate pharmacotherapy? A . Ceftazidime and ciprofloxacillin B . Ceftriaxone and gentamycin Metronidazole and crystalline penicillin D . Vancomycin and chloramphenicol 20. A 25 year-old man presents with abdominal pain headache and fever of five days duration. The Health officer suspected the diagnosis of typhoid fever.Which of the following investigations confirms the diagnosis? A. Stool examination B. Blood culture C . Weil-Felix titer D. Widal test 21. A 27 year-old man complains of fever, rigors productive cough with rusty-colou red sputum and pleuritic chest pain .Chest examination reveale d increased tactile fremitus and dullness to percussion in the right lower lung field. What is the most likely diagnosis Lobar pneumonia B Bronchopneumonia s.no C. Lung abscess D. Pleural effusion 22. A. 35 year-old woman presented with trismus for a day She also has shoulder and back pain. She reported that she sustained a puncture over the left foot a week ago She is fully conscious. Which of the following is the most appropriate pharmacotherapy? A . Carbamazepine B.Diazepam c . Phenobarbital D . Phenytoin

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16. The most likely cause for the patient's condition is D. Schistosomiasis. Schistosomiasis is a parasitic infection caused by Schistosoma species, which can lead to peri-portal fibrosis. The patient's living in a rural village where the water source is river water, which is a common mode of transmission for Schistosomiasis.<br /><br />7. The recommended drug for this patient is A. Co-trimoxazole. Co-trimoxazole is the first-line treatment for Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia (PJP) in HIV-positive patients with a CD4 count less than 200/µL. The patient's CD4 count is 150/µL, which indicates a high risk of developing PJP.<br /><br />18. The most likely diagnosis for the patient is B. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The patient's long history of smoking, cough with clear sputum production, shortness of breath, and hyperinflation on chest X-ray are consistent with COPD.<br /><br />19. The most appropriate pharmacotherapy for this patient is C. Metronidazole and crystalline penicillin. The patient's symptoms and chest X-ray findings suggest a lung abscess, which is often caused by anaerobic bacteria. Metronidazole is effective against anaerobic bacteria, and crystalline penicillin is a broad-spectrum antibiotic that can be used to treat lung abscesses.<br /><br />20. The investigation that confirms the diagnosis of typhoid fever is B. Blood culture. Blood cultures are the gold standard for diagnosing typhoid fever, as they can detect the presence of Salmonella Typhi bacteria in the bloodstream.<br /><br />21. The most likely diagnosis for this patient is A. Lobar pneumonia. The patient's symptoms, such as fever, rigors, productive cough with rusty-colored sputum, and pleuritic chest pain, along with the findings of increased tactile fremitus and dullness to percussion in the right lower lung field, are consistent with lobar pneumonia.<br /><br />22. The most appropriate pharmacotherapy for this patient is B. Diazepam. The patient's symptoms, such as trismus (lockjaw), shoulder and back pain, and a history of a puncture wound, suggest tetanus. Diazepam is an anticonvulsant medication that can be used to control muscle spasms and prevent seizures in tetanus.
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