85. Ms. X is diagnosed with cervical cancer and started to take chemotherapy. Which of the following delayed side effect of the treatment is expected to occur? A. Nausea and vomiting B. Bone marrow suppression C. Allergic reaction D. Arrhythmias 86. Which of the following is the correct reason for using combination chemotherapy regimens? cells in different phases of cell cycle B. To hit tumor cells with various degree of chemo sensitivity C. To achieve maximum cytotoxicity D. All of the above 87. Which of the following is the expected side effect of radiotherapy given around abdominal area? A. Alopecia B. Vomiting C. Mucositis D. Xerostomia 88. Corticosteroid medications are associated with the development of peptic ulcers because of which pathophysiologic mechanism? A. The enzyme urease is produced C. The synthesis prostaglandins is inhibited B. Secretion of HCL is increased D. The rate of mucous cell renewal is decreased 89. A 22-year-old patient calls the outpatient clinic reporting nausea and vomiting and right lower abdominal pain. What should the nurse advise the patient to do? A. Use a heating pad to relax the muscles at the site of the pain B. Drink at least 2 quarts of juice to replace the fluid lost in vomiting C. Take a laxative to empty the bowel before examination at the clinic D. Have the symptoms evaluated right away by a health care provider at a hospital's emergency department

85. The correct answer is B. Bone marrow suppression. Chemotherapy can cause bone marrow suppression, which can lead to a decrease in the number of blood cells produced in the body. This can result in anemia, increased risk of infection, and bleeding or bruising problems. Nausea and vomiting (option A) are common side effects of chemotherapy, but they are typically acute rather than delayed. Allergic reactions (option C) and arrhythmias (option D) can also occur as side effects of chemotherapy, but they are not as commonly associated with delayed effects as bone marrow suppression.<br /><br />86. The correct answer is D. All of the above. Combination chemotherapy regimens are used to hit tumor cells in different phases of the cell cycle (option A), to hit tumor cells with varying degrees of chemosensitivity (option B), and to achieve maximum cytotoxicity (option C). By using a combination of drugs, the chances of killing more cancer cells and reducing the likelihood of drug resistance are increased.<br /><br />87. The correct answer is C. Mucositis. Radiotherapy given around the abdominal area can cause mucositis, which is inflammation of the mucous membranes lining the digestive tract. This can lead to symptoms such as abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. Alopecia (option A) is a side effect of chemotherapy, not radiotherapy. Vomiting (option B) and xerostomia (option D) can also occur as side effects of radiotherapy, but they are not as specific to the abdominal area as mucositis.<br /><br />88. The correct answer is B. Secretion of HCL is increased. Corticosteroids can increase the secretion of hydrochloric acid (HCL) in the stomach, which can lead to the development of peptic ulcers. The enzyme urease (option A) is produced by Helicobacter pylori bacteria, which can contribute to the development of peptic ulcers, but it is not directly related to the use of corticosteroids. The synthesis of prostaglandins (option C) is inhibited by nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), not corticosteroids. The rate of mucous cell renewal (option D) is decreased by corticosteroids, but this is not the primary mechanism by which they contribute to the development of peptic ulcers.<br /><br />89. The correct answer is D. Have the symptoms evaluated right away by a health care provider at a hospital's emergency department. Nausea, vomiting, and right lower abdominal pain can be symptoms of a serious condition such as appendicitis or ectopic pregnancy. It is important for the patient to seek immediate medical attention to rule out any potentially life-threatening conditions. Using a heating pad (option A) or taking a laxative (option C) may provide temporary relief, but they do not address the underlying cause of the symptoms. Drinking juice (option B) can help replace fluids lost in vomiting, but it is not a substitute for medical evaluation.