Nursing (Comprehensi ve) Question 94 Not yet answered An investigator conducted a cross sectional study on prevalence and determinants of non-adherence to ART among adults.The observed result showed false association between the cause and the outcome variable which is due to uncontrollable factors. What can be the cause for losing validity in this study? a. The random error B. The confounder 6. The study design C. He like

The correct answer is B. The confounder.<br /><br />In this scenario, the investigator conducted a cross-sectional study on the prevalence and determinants of non-adherence to Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) among adults. The observed result showed a false association between the cause and the outcome variable, which is due to uncontrollable factors.<br /><br />A confounder is a variable that is not the primary focus of the study but can influence both the outcome and the exposure variables, leading to a false association. In this case, the confounder could be an uncontrollable factor that affects both the adherence to ART and the outcome variable, causing a false association between the cause and the outcome.<br /><br />The other options are not the correct cause for losing validity in this study:<br /><br />A. The random error: Random error refers to the variability in the data that is due to chance and is not related to the confounder.<br /><br />C. The study design: The study design itself is not the cause of the false association, but rather the confounder within the study design that leads to the false association.<br /><br />D. The lives: This option is not relevant to the question and does not provide a valid explanation for the loss of validity in the study.