Review Questions Give short aswer for the following questions 1. In what ways did the ancient world influence the life of human beings? Describe briefly. 2. How do you evaluate the position of women who had lived in the ancient world? 3. What important lessons do we draw from the ancient world with respect to the important role that indigenous knowledge play in solving social problems? Explain by giving examples. 4. How do you relate leadership quality with the greatness and decline of states in the ancient world and by extension with the success and failure of states in our days? Establish a parallel story. 5. How do you evaluate the importance of different belief systems in shaping human character? Describe briefly.

1. The ancient world has had a profound influence on the life of human beings in various ways. For instance, many of the technological innovations and architectural marvels that we admire today, such as the pyramids, aqueducts, and the wheel, were first developed in ancient civilizations. Additionally, the philosophical and religious ideas that emerged from the ancient world, such as the teachings of Confucius, Buddha, and Jesus, have shaped the moral and ethical values of societies for centuries. Furthermore, the political systems and governance structures that were established in ancient times, such as the concept of democracy in ancient Greece, have served as a foundation for modern political institutions.<br /><br />2. The position of women in the ancient world varied greatly depending on the specific civilization and time period. In some ancient societies, such as ancient Egypt and Greece, women enjoyed relatively high status and were allowed to participate in various aspects of public life, including politics and education. However, in other ancient civilizations, such as ancient China and India, women were often relegated to a subordinate position and were expected to focus primarily on domestic duties and child-rearing. It is important to note that the position of women in the ancient world was not static and evolved over time, with some periods witnessing greater gender equality than others.<br /><br />3. The ancient world provides valuable lessons about the importance of indigenous knowledge in addressing social problems Amazon rainforest has been instrumental in developing sustainable agricultural practices that have helped to preserve the region's biodiversity and prevent deforestation. Similarly, the traditional healing practices of indigenous communities in Africa have been used to develop modern pharmaceuticals that have saved countless lives. These examples demonstrate the importance of valuing and preserving indigenous knowledge as a means of addressing contemporary social and environmental challenges.<br /><br />4. Leadership quality has played a crucial role in the rise and fall of states throughout history. In the ancient world, effective leadership was often characterized by qualities such as vision, decisiveness, and the ability to inspire and mobilize people towards a common goal. For instance, the leadership of Alexander the Great was instrumental in the expansion of his empire, while the ineffective leadership of the Roman emperors contributed to the decline of the Roman Empire. By extension, the success and failure of modern states can also be linked to the leadership qualities of their respective leaders. For example, the strong leadership of Nelson Mandela was instrumental in the peaceful transition to democracy in South Africa, while the weak leadership of the French government during World War II contributed to the country's defeat.<br /><br />5. Different belief systems have played a significant role in shaping human character throughout history. Religious and spiritual beliefs have provided individuals with a sense of purpose, morality, and a framework for understanding the world around them. For instance, the teachings of Buddhism have emphasized the importance of compassion, non-violence, and the pursuit of enlightenment, which have had a profound impact on the moral and ethical development of individuals and societies in East Asia. Similarly, the Christian concept of love and forgiveness has shaped the values and behavior of millions of people around the world. By recognizing the importance of different belief systems in shaping human character, we can better appreciate the diversity of human experiences and the ways in which spirituality and morality have influenced the course of human history.