92. A female client was admitted with chronic renal failure. While the nurse was assessing the patient, he notes the following:crackles in the lung elevated blood pressure,, and weight gain of 2 lb in a single day. What is the possible condition that causes the above signs? A. Third-space fluid shifts C. Fluid volume excess B. Dehydration D. Fluid volume deficit

## Step 1<br />The problem presents a patient with chronic renal failure who exhibits several symptoms: crackles in the lungs, elevated blood pressure, and a significant weight gain in a single day. These symptoms are indicative of fluid retention in the body.<br /><br />## Step 2<br />The symptoms of crackles in the lungs, elevated blood pressure, and weight gain are all signs of fluid overload. This is a condition where the body retains more fluid than it can handle, leading to swelling and other complications.<br /><br />## Step 3<br />The options provided are all potential conditions that could cause these symptoms. However, the most likely condition is fluid volume excess. This is because the symptoms presented are all indicative of fluid overload, which is a characteristic of fluid volume excess.<br /><br />## Step 4<br />The other options, such as third-space fluid shifts, dehydration, and fluid volume deficit, do not align with the symptoms presented. Third-space fluid shifts refer to fluid moving from the vascular system to a 'third space' where it is not easily accessible or measurable, such as in the case of burns or severe injuries. Dehydration and fluid volume deficit are conditions where the body loses more fluid than it takes in, leading to symptoms such as dry mouth, decreased urine output, and weight loss, which are not present in this case.