What makes this individual's karyotype not normal? missing autosome An extra sex chromosome An extra autosome A missing sex chromosome

## Step 1<br />A karyotype is a visual representation of the number and appearance of chromosomes in a cell. In a normal human karyotype, there are 46 chromosomes, including 44 autosomes and 2 sex chromosomes. <br /><br />## Step 2<br />The question asks us to identify what makes an individual's karyotype not normal. The options provided are:<br />- Missing autosome<br />- An extra sex chromosome<br />- An extra autosome<br />- A missing sex chromosome<br /><br />## Step 3<br />We need to evaluate each option based on the definition of a normal karyotype.<br /><br />## Step 4<br />Option A, "Missing autosome", would result in a karyotype with 45 chromosomes, which is a condition known as monosomy. This is a deviation from the normal karyotype and is therefore not normal.<br /><br />## Step 5<br />Option B, "An extra sex chromosome", would result in a karyotype with 47 chromosomes, which is a condition known as trisomy. This is also a deviation from the normal karyotype and is therefore not normal.<br /><br />## Step 6<br />Option C, "An extra autosome", would result in a karyotype with 47 chromosomes, which is a condition known as tetrasomy. This is also a deviation from the normal karyotype and is therefore not normal.<br /><br />## Step 7<br />Option D, "A missing sex chromosome", would result in a karyotype with 45 chromosomes, which is a condition known as monosomy. This is also a deviation from the normal karyotype and is therefore not normal.