tions: Use the reading below to answer questions 1-4 Reading: Oil Spill in Alaska arch 24, 1989, the tanker Exxon Valdez struck in Alaska's Prince William Sound and spilled Illion gallons of crude oil into the ocean water. sands of birds, otters and seals in the fragile ystems were killed and local economies pndent on tourism and fishing were devastated. spill was met with a massive response and nup crewsjused multiple methods to remove oil the water and beach They collected the oil floating booms, skimmed it from the surface of water, soaked it up with absorbent materials, dispersed It with chemicals. They ssure-washed the beaches and removed contaminated sand with backhoes and tractors. They even tried burning the oil. Scientists also used the opportunity to test a new cleanup strategy. They stimulated naturally occurring bacteria to biodegrade or break down, the oil. These bacteria feed on hydrocarbons produced by trees in the region.The tree hydrocarbons are chemically similar to oil.This process is an example of bioremediation, the attempt to clean up pollution by enhancing natural processes. Cleanup crews were able to clean up some of the oil because it did not mix with the water. What properties of oil and water made this cleanup process possible? A. Water is polar and oil is nonpolar so the oil collected under the water. B. Water is nonpolar and oil is polar so the oil collected under the water. C. Water is nonpolar and oil is polar so they did not mix and the oil floated on the water. D. Water is polar and oil is nonpolar so they did not mix and the oil floated on the water. Scientists used bacteria to biodegrade, or break down , the oil. What type of chemical reaction would this represent? A. Synthesis B. Decomposition C. Single Replacement D. Double Replacement Cleanup crews used many methods to try to clean up the oil Even after eighteen years there is still oil in Princé William Sound. What concept in chemistry explains why the oil has not disappeared? A. Octet Rule B. Nuclear Decay C. Law of Conservation of Mass D. Law of Conservation of Energy Which of the following represents a claim about this article? A. Local economies were devastated. B. The spill was met with a massive response. C. Scientists tested a new cleanup strategy. D. Oil tankers are not safe for the environment.

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tions: Use the reading below to answer questions 1-4 Reading: Oil Spill in Alaska arch 24, 1989, the tanker Exxon Valdez struck in Alaska's Prince William Sound and spilled Illion gallons of crude oil into the ocean water. sands of birds, otters and seals in the fragile ystems were killed and local economies pndent on tourism and fishing were devastated. spill was met with a massive response and nup crewsjused multiple methods to remove oil the water and beach They collected the oil floating booms, skimmed it from the surface of water, soaked it up with absorbent materials, dispersed It with chemicals. They ssure-washed the beaches and removed contaminated sand with backhoes and tractors. They even tried burning the oil. Scientists also used the opportunity to test a new cleanup strategy. They stimulated naturally occurring bacteria to biodegrade or break down, the oil. These bacteria feed on hydrocarbons produced by trees in the region.The tree hydrocarbons are chemically similar to oil.This process is an example of bioremediation, the attempt to clean up pollution by enhancing natural processes. Cleanup crews were able to clean up some of the oil because it did not mix with the water. What properties of oil and water made this cleanup process possible? A. Water is polar and oil is nonpolar so the oil collected under the water. B. Water is nonpolar and oil is polar so the oil collected under the water. C. Water is nonpolar and oil is polar so they did not mix and the oil floated on the water. D. Water is polar and oil is nonpolar so they did not mix and the oil floated on the water. Scientists used bacteria to biodegrade, or break down , the oil. What type of chemical reaction would this represent? A. Synthesis B. Decomposition C. Single Replacement D. Double Replacement Cleanup crews used many methods to try to clean up the oil Even after eighteen years there is still oil in Princé William Sound. What concept in chemistry explains why the oil has not disappeared? A. Octet Rule B. Nuclear Decay C. Law of Conservation of Mass D. Law of Conservation of Energy Which of the following represents a claim about this article? A. Local economies were devastated. B. The spill was met with a massive response. C. Scientists tested a new cleanup strategy. D. Oil tankers are not safe for the environment.

Answer 1

1. D 2. B 3. C 4. A

Answer 2

## Step 1 The first question asks about the properties of oil and water that allowed the cleanup process to be possible. The correct answer is D. Water is polar and oil is nonpolar so they do not mix and the oil floats on the water. This is because oil is less dense than water and does not mix with it due to its nonpolar nature. ## Step 2 The second question asks about the type of chemical reaction that would represent the use of bacteria to biodegrade, or break down, the oil. The correct answer is B. Decomposition. This is because decomposition reactions involve the breakdown of a compound into simpler substances, which is what happens when bacteria break down oil. ## Step 3 The third question asks about the concept in chemistry that explains why the oil has not disappeared even after eighteen years. The correct answer is C. Law of Conservation of Mass. This law states that matter cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed. Therefore, even though the oil has been broken down and dispersed, the mass of the oil has not disappeared. ## Step 4 The fourth question asks about a claim made in the article. The correct answer is A. Local economies were devastated. This is a direct statement made in the article about the impact of the oil spill on the local economies.

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