4. What is a key disadvantage of the chase aggregate plan? A. High finished goods holding costs B. Constantly changing capacity requirements C. High labor turnover D. Low flexibilit y to demand changes 5. What are demand-based options in aggregate planning? A. Approaches that alter capacity to meet demand B Techniques for adjusting workforce size C. Back orders to react to demand fluctuations D. Methods for outsourcing production 6. In product design, what is the purpose of value analysis? A. To improve product functionality and reduce unnecessary costs B. To develop prototypes C. To test new marketing strategies D. To refine operational scheduling 7. Which design technique focuses on creating parts that are interchangeable among products? A. Modularity b Simplification C. Standardization d. Concurrent design 8. What is "reverse engineering" in the context of product design? A. Developing new components for a product B. Analyzing competitor products to integrate their features C. Creating a product design from scratch D. Redesigning obsolete products of service based on customer contact? A Quasi-manufacturing , pure services mixed custom services hybrid services C Tangible services,intangible services, virtual services D. High-contact services low-contact services no-contact services calculates the earliest assignec completion date? A. Backward scheduling B Infinite loading C. Forward scheduling D. Finite loading 11. What is a nite ind aggregate plan? A. A combination of level and chase planning approaches B. A focus on outsourcing production C. A reactive D. A plan to appr static demand 12. What is the main meet it of rapid prototyping? at is the need manufacturing conto testing and revisions collaboration with competitors D. Simplified quality inspections

4. D. Low flexibility to demand changes<br />Explanation: The chase aggregate plan is a production strategy where the company produces exactly what is demanded by the customer. While this can be advantageous in terms of reducing inventory costs, it has the disadvantage of low flexibility to demand changes. If demand suddenly increases or decreases, the company may not be able to quickly adjust its production levels.<br /><br />5. A. Approaches that alter capacity to meet demand<br />Explanation: Demand-based options in aggregate planning refer to approaches that alter capacity to meet demand. This can involve adjusting the workforce size, changing production levels, or outsourcing production to meet fluctuating demand.<br /><br />6. A. To improve product functionality and reduce unnecessary costs<br />Explanation: Value analysis is a systematic method for evaluating the functions of a product or service to determine its value. The purpose of value analysis in product design is to improve product functionality and reduce unnecessary costs.<br /><br />7. C. Standardization<br />Explanation: Standardization is a design technique that focuses on creating parts that are interchangeable among products. By standardizing parts, companies can reduce costs, improve quality, and increase efficiency in production.<br /><br />8. B. Analyzing competitor products to integrate their features<br />Explanation: Reverse engineering in the context of product design refers to the process of analyzing competitor products to integrate their features into one's own product. This can be done to improve product functionality, reduce costs, or gain a competitive advantage.<br /><br />9. A. Quasi-manufacturing, pure services, mixed services, hybrid services<br />Explanation: The three categories of service based on customer contact are quasi-manufacturing, pure services, mixed services, and hybrid services. Quasi-manufacturing services involve some level of physical contact with the customer, while pure services involve no physical contact. Mixed services and hybrid services fall in between these two categories.<br /><br />10. A. Backward scheduling<br />Explanation: Backward scheduling is a method used to calculate the earliest possible completion date of a project or task. It involves working backward from the desired completion date to determine the earliest possible start date.<br /><br />11. A. A focus on outsourcing production<br />Explanation: The main difference between chase and chase planning approaches is that chase planning focuses on outsourcing production. In chase planning, the company produces exactly what is demanded by the customer, while in chase planning, the company may outsource production to meet demand.<br /><br />12. D. Simplified quality inspections<br />Explanation: The main advantage of modular design in product design is simplified quality inspections. Modular design involves designing products as a collection of independent modules that can be easily tested and inspected individually. This simplifies the quality inspection process and ensures that each module meets the required quality standards.